Aguas Calientes, Stratovolcano in Antofagasta Region, Chile
Aguas Calientes is a stratovolcano in Chile's Antofagasta Region that rises with steep slopes formed by viscous lava flows in its upper sections. The mountain displays the layered structure typical of composite volcanoes, built from multiple eruptions over time.
The volcano was first documented and climbed on October 27, 1971, by three Chilean mountaineers from Club Andino de Chile. This expedition marked the first official ascent of the summit by recognized climbers.
The mountain stands near Los Flamencos National Reserve, where communities maintain deep connections to the surrounding volcanic landscape through traditional practices.
Access to the volcano requires specialized high-altitude equipment and time for acclimatization before attempting the ascent. Visitors must register at the nearest CONAF office before climbing to ensure safety and track access.
The summit crater holds a red-colored lake where specialized microorganisms thrive in the acidic waters influenced by ongoing volcanic activity. This extreme environment supports one of Earth's most unusual forms of life adapted to such harsh chemical conditions.
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