Ireland

This republic covers 70,000 square kilometers (27,000 square miles) on an island between the North Atlantic and the Irish Sea, featuring coastal cliffs, mountain ranges, and central lowlands dominated by peat bogs and agricultural land.

Following centuries under British control, the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 led to formation of the Irish Free State in 1922, which became a republic in 1949 after formally severing remaining constitutional ties to the Crown.

Traditional music sessions featuring fiddles, tin whistles, and bodhrán drums remain integral to social gatherings in pubs, while Gaelic football and hurling continue as major national sports drawing large crowds to championship matches throughout the year.

Dublin Airport serves 180 destinations across Europe and beyond, while the national railway network connects major cities via 2,400 kilometers (1,500 miles) of track and extensive bus services reach rural areas throughout the territory.

The constitution designates Irish as the first official language ahead of English, resulting in bilingual road signage and government documents throughout the territory, though only a minority speak it daily as their primary language at home.

Inception: December 29, 1937

Capital city: Dublin

Part of: European Union, European Economic Area, Northern Europe

Shares border with: United Kingdom, Northern Ireland

Address: Ireland

Website: http://gov.ie

GPS coordinates: 52.86520,-7.97946

Latest update: December 1, 2025 08:31