Ireland, Sovereign country in northwestern Europe.
This nation occupies most of an island in the North Atlantic and stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Irish Sea. The landscape shifts between coastal cliffs, peat moorlands in the center, and hill ranges interspersed with pastures and farmland.
After centuries of British rule the Free State emerged in 1922 and gradually separated from the Crown. The republic was officially declared in 1949 and ended all constitutional connections to the British monarchy.
The national language appears on all road signs alongside English and reminds visitors how important local tradition remains today. In the western counties you hear this language more often in daily life, while most people nationwide speak English.
The international airport network connects the country to many European destinations, while trains reach the larger cities between them. Buses also serve rural areas and complement the public transport network across all regions.
Music plays a central role in social life and you find regular spontaneous gatherings in pubs where fiddles and tin whistles come into play. Sports like Gaelic football and hurling draw thousands of spectators to championship matches throughout the year.
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