Malwiya, Spiral minaret in Samarra, Iraq
Malwiya is a brick tower in Samarra that tapers as it rises, creating five distinct levels visible from a distance. The ramp spirals around the exterior, guiding visitors toward the open platform at the summit.
The tower was built between 848 and 851 under Caliph Al-Mutawakkil as part of what was then the largest mosque in the region. Wars during the 20th century damaged the top, but the structure has largely survived.
The minaret's spiral design represents Islamic architectural innovation, with 399 steps winding counterclockwise around the structure leading to the muezzin platform.
The path to the top follows the outer edge and requires steady footing and comfortable shoes. Visiting early in the morning or late in the afternoon helps avoid the strongest sun.
The tower does not stand directly beside the prayer hall but is positioned to the north on its own axis. This separation was uncommon at the time and shows a different approach to planning.
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