Smithsonian Institution Shelter

The Smithsonian Institution Shelter is a stone refuge located at the summit of Mount Whitney in California. The building has three connected rooms with openings on both the north and south sides that provide views and ventilation.

The shelter was built in 1909 following a lightning fatality that killed a U.S. Fisheries employee at the summit. This tragedy prompted officials to construct protective infrastructure for the growing number of visitors climbing the mountain.

Scientists conducted spectroscopic observations of Mars and studies of cosmic rays from this location before high-altitude flight became possible.

The structure serves as a rest stop for hikers on the John Muir Trail and those ascending Mount Whitney in Sequoia National Park. Visitors should know that access depends on weather conditions and the extreme elevation demands proper preparation.

The shelter is the highest permanent structure in the contiguous United States, situated directly at Mount Whitney's summit. Scientists once conducted spectroscopic observations of Mars and cosmic ray research here before high-altitude flight became available.

Location: Tulare County

Inception: 1909

Architectural style: rustic architecture

GPS coordinates: 36.57854,-118.29237

Latest update: December 8, 2025 19:53