Manila, Capital city in Manila Bay, Philippines.
Manila is the national capital of the Philippines, extending across sixteen districts on Luzon Island, with Intramuros as its central historic core. Manila Bay forms the western boundary, while the city spreads east and north through densely populated residential and commercial neighborhoods.
Miguel López de Legazpi founded the city in 1571 as the capital of the Spanish East Indies, transforming it into a major trading post for galleon commerce across the Pacific. After three centuries of Spanish rule, the city passed to American colonial administration and gained independence in 1946.
Jeepneys with hand-painted patterns and colorful signs roll through the streets, serving as daily transport for commuters and families. Street markets in Divisoria and Quiapo draw shoppers who haggle among stacks of textiles, spices, and religious figurines.
The Light Rail Transit system connects major districts, with Lines 1 and 2 intersecting at Doroteo Jose station in Santa Cruz district. Visitors should plan to move early in the morning or late afternoon to avoid extreme rush-hour congestion.
Manila Cathedral in Intramuros incorporates local materials like bamboo and shells into its neo-romanesque architecture, reflecting Filipino craftsmanship. The nearby Rizal Park contains a Chinese garden and a Japanese garden, marking a century of diplomatic ties.
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