Canelo Hills Cienega Reserve, Protected wetland reserve in Santa Cruz County, United States

Canelo Hills Cienega Reserve is a 260-acre protected area featuring rare cienega wetlands, black oak forests, and Arizona fescue grasslands spread across the eastern Canelo Hills. The varied habitats create a mosaic where alkaline wetland zones border forested slopes and open meadows.

The Nature Conservancy purchased this land from the Knipes family in 1969, establishing the foundation for this protected site. The area received designation as a National Natural Landmark in 1974, securing its status as an important conservation area.

The reserve serves as a place where people learn about Arizona's rare wetland ecosystems through hands-on field study and observation. Local groups and researchers actively work here to understand and protect species found nowhere else in the region.

The site sits southeast of Sonoita and is most accessible during fair weather conditions. Visitors should prepare for walking through natural habitats and bring sturdy footwear and water.

The Canelo ladies' tresses orchid (Spiranthes delitescens) grows here and nowhere else on Earth; it was first described from this cienega. The alkaline banks also hold Gila chub and Gila sucker, two fish found in few other Arizona waters. The orchid's white flowers appear in late summer, when the wetland is wettest.