Ayacucho Department, Administrative region in south-central Peru

Ayacucho Department is an administrative region in south-central Peru that covers Andean terrain from highlands to lower valleys. The landscape shifts between bare mountain slopes, green river valleys, and small towns clinging to steep hillsides.

During colonial times the area served as a strategic crossroads between coast and highlands. After independence the region experienced repeated political unrest that continued into the late 20th century.

Residents speak mainly Quechua, a language that remains alive in daily life at markets and in villages. Many families still wear traditional clothing and maintain weaving traditions visible during festivals and religious celebrations.

Travelers should prepare for changing weather as elevation differences can bring sudden temperature shifts. Many roads are unpaved and difficult to pass after rain, so flexible planning is recommended.

In remote valleys you can still find remnants of old irrigation systems built centuries ago. Some of these channels continue to supply small fields with water from mountain springs today.

• Location: Peru
• Capital city: Ayacucho
• Elevation above the sea: 2,746 m
• Shares border with: Junin Department, Cusco Department, Apurimac Department, Arequipa Department, Ica Department, Huancavelica Department
• GPS coordinates: -13.16306,-74.22444
• Latest update: December 15, 2025 22:26