Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Nature reserve in Hawaii County, United States
Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge is a nature reserve in Hawaii County that spans across the slopes of Mauna Kea. The forest consists of native montane rainforest with Koa and red-blossomed Ohia trees that form closed-canopy sections in places.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service established this protected area in 1985 to safeguard endangered Hawaiian forest birds and their rainforest environments. The creation responded to the decline of many native species and the need to preserve critical habitats.
The refuge is home to the Akiapolaau, a native Hawaiian honeycreeper that depends on larvae within Koa trees. This bird species holds deep cultural meaning for local communities as part of their natural heritage.
The refuge currently restricts self-guided activities to prevent disease spread through contaminated soil on vehicles and clothing. Visitors should check access rules in advance and follow staff guidance during their visit.
The refuge is one of the few places in Hawaii where native forest birds maintain stable or increasing populations. This positive outcome sets it apart from many other areas where such species continue to decline.
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