Miran fort, Archaeological site in Xinjiang, China.
Miran fort is a clay-brick fortress with approximately 44 excavated rooms and several defensive positions along the southern edge of the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang. The structure follows a rectangular layout and shows the typical building style of an ancient border stronghold.
The fort served as a military outpost during the 8th and 9th centuries under Tibetan Empire control of these western regions. It was part of a network of border posts that monitored strategic passages and trade routes.
Excavations revealed hundreds of Tibetan military documents and administrative records that show how early Tibetan writing systems were used in this remote region. These texts provide insight into how the Tibetan Empire organized and communicated across its territories.
Access to the excavation site requires advance arrangements, as local residents conduct regular checks to prevent unauthorized visits and looting. Visitors should organize their arrival and work with knowledgeable guides to explore the site properly.
The fort sits at an oasis where the Lop Nur desert meets the Altun Shan mountains, allowing control over caravan routes that avoided harsh desert conditions. This strategic location made it a crucial hub for long-distance trade between east and west.
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