Bad-tibira

Tell al-Madain stands near modern Al-Madain, featuring remains of temples, residential areas, and defensive structures built from ancient mud-brick construction methods.

During its peak around 2100 BC, Bad-tibira served as the second city to exercise kingship in Sumer, following the establishment of the Iturungal canal by Ur-Nammu.

The city's copper metalworking traditions influenced the development of regional craftsmanship, with temples dedicated to deities Dumuzid and Inanna shaping religious practices.

Located between Ash Shatrah and Tell as-Senkereh, the archaeological site spans one square mile, containing multiple excavation areas with preserved building foundations.

The settlement earned its name 'Fortress of the Smiths' due to its metal production activities, which Greek writers later recorded as Pantibiblos.

Location: Dhi Qar Governorate

Founders: En-men-lu-ana

GPS coordinates: 31.38331,46.00425

Latest update: May 27, 2025 13:20