Hainan Island, Tropical island in South China Sea, China
This landmass stretches along the southern coast of China and measures roughly 260 kilometers from east to west and 170 kilometers from north to south. Mountains with several peaks above 1800 meters (5900 feet) rise in the central part, while flat lowlands and coastal strips define the northern and eastern regions.
Chinese administration began during the Western Han period in 110 BC, bringing settlers from northern provinces to the territory. Later centuries saw waves of migrants who established rice farming and trading ports along the coast.
The Li communities inhabit mostly the central highlands and preserve weaving techniques and village designs passed down through families. Rural markets sell fermented rice wine and smoked seafood prepared following recipes that families have used for generations.
Two airports operate in the northern city of Haikou and the southern city of Sanya, offering regular connections to mainland destinations. A network of long-distance buses links coastal towns and inland communities, with journeys between major destinations taking several hours.
An underground river runs about ten kilometers through limestone caves near the southern coast, forming pools and waterfalls along the way. Locals name the river after a legend about spirits resting in the dark chambers.
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