Lower Saxony

Lower Saxony is a federated state in northwestern Germany that stretches from the North Sea to the forested hills of the Harz, covering wide plains and river valleys. The landscape shifts between sandy coasts, marshland, farmland, and low mountain ranges.

The region took shape in 1946 when several former territories, including Brunswick and Oldenburg, were brought together after centuries as separate duchies and principalities. These older lands had maintained distinct identities throughout the medieval and early modern periods.

In smaller towns, regional dialects and local festivals mark the rhythm of everyday life, while farm markets and neighborhood gatherings remain common. Coastal communities keep fishing and sailing traditions alive, shaping how people interact with the landscape.

Regional trains and buses connect the larger towns, while many smaller villages are easier to reach by car. Main roads run through flat terrain, making navigation straightforward.

The tidal flats along the coast lie dry for several kilometers at low tide and attract migratory birds from distant regions. This zone is one of the largest tidal systems in Europe.

Location: Germany

Inception: November 1, 1946

Capital city: Hanover

Elevation above the sea: 13 m

Shares border with: Bremen, Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Groningen, Drenthe, Overijssel

Website: https://jp.niedersachsen.de

GPS coordinates: 52.75611,9.39306

Latest update: December 11, 2025 19:23